Lightning VHF Radiation Mapping Method for an Irregular Short‐Baseline Array

Lightning very high frequency interferometry is a crucial tool for studying the development of lightning leaders within thunderclouds, and conventional antenna array composed two coplanar orthogonal baselines. In this study, we develop new location methods an irregular based on optimization algorithm, using all baselines in calculation. Besides, have analyzed effects kinds time uncertainty result provided calibration method. The first type—the systematic drift antennas—can induce offset result, leading to worse accuracy. We can calibrate each efficiently during experiment. second waveform distortion between different introduce noise time, precision. precision improves when more are used, whether they independent or redundant. Our shows that non-coplanar configuration significantly improve elevation near horizon azimuth zenith after considering angular uncertainty's theoretical distribution.